Velma's Dad
Super Poster
VIP Member
At risk of being picky, but actually I think it's important: influenza viruses are not coronaviruses. Both those broad families of viruses are RNA viruses but they are structurally significantly different from each other.It seems certain now that Covid is not going to go away. As Covid is a coronavirus, as is the influenza virus, it will continue to mutate. It will not be long before current vaccines will not work. This is the situation with the influenza virus where we all accept that we need a new vaccination every year to deal with the latest strain. It is almost certain that Covid is heading the same way. Currently world Governments are fire fighting to try to avert a meltdown, they have little choice. However, I hope somewhere there is coordinated (please I so hope so) on how to cope with new Covid strains year on year. As I said, it is not going away. We have to learn to live with it.
Influenza A (the type that causes human seasonal flu and sometimes pandemics) is indeed highly inclined to mutate, especially through antigenic shift - when two different strains of a virus encounter each other in the same cell and 'have sex' with each other to produce a new 'offspring' variant. SARS-CoV-2 appears, as with other coronaviruses, to be much less inclined to antigenic shift even though it does of course mutate gradually due to chance changes in individual parts of the RNA sequence, which is termed antigenic drift.
If I've mis-described that then maybe a biologist on here can put me straight.
The emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 due to antigen drift do mean it's quite possible and maybe likely that adjustments to vaccines will be needed year by year, but the immunological consensus appears to be that that will be much less problematic than is the case with seasonal and pandemic influenzas.
This article in Nature at the end of January was a good summary of the covid vaccine escape and updating challenge: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00241-6